Syntax Properties Return values Examples

AWS::ECS::Service

The AWS::ECS::Service resource creates an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service that runs and maintains the requested number of tasks and associated load balancers.

Important

The stack update fails if you change any properties that require replacement and at least one Amazon ECS Service Connect ServiceConnectService is configured. This is because Amazon CloudFormation creates the replacement service first, but each ServiceConnectService must have a name that is unique in the namespace.

Note

Starting April 15, 2023, Amazon; will not onboard new customers to Amazon Elastic Inference (EI), and will help current customers migrate their workloads to options that offer better price and performance. After April 15, 2023, new customers will not be able to launch instances with Amazon EI accelerators in Amazon SageMaker, Amazon ECS, or Amazon EC2. However, customers who have used Amazon EI at least once during the past 30-day period are considered current customers and will be able to continue using the service.

Syntax

To declare this entity in your Amazon CloudFormation template, use the following syntax:

JSON


{
  "Type" : "AWS::ECS::Service",
  "Properties" : {
      "CapacityProviderStrategy" : [ CapacityProviderStrategyItem, ... ],
      "Cluster" : String,
      "DeploymentConfiguration" : DeploymentConfiguration,
      "DeploymentController" : DeploymentController,
      "DesiredCount" : Integer,
      "EnableECSManagedTags" : Boolean,
      "EnableExecuteCommand" : Boolean,
      "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds" : Integer,
      "LaunchType" : String,
      "LoadBalancers" : [ LoadBalancer, ... ],
      "NetworkConfiguration" : NetworkConfiguration,
      "PlacementConstraints" : [ PlacementConstraint, ... ],
      "PlacementStrategies" : [ PlacementStrategy, ... ],
      "PlatformVersion" : String,
      "PropagateTags" : String,
      "Role" : String,
      "SchedulingStrategy" : String,
      "ServiceConnectConfiguration" : ServiceConnectConfiguration,
      "ServiceName" : String,
      "ServiceRegistries" : [ ServiceRegistry, ... ],
      "Tags" : [ Tag, ... ],
      "TaskDefinition" : String
    }
}

YAML


Type: AWS::ECS::Service
Properties: 
  CapacityProviderStrategy: 
    - CapacityProviderStrategyItem
  Cluster: String
  DeploymentConfiguration: 
    DeploymentConfiguration
  DeploymentController: 
    DeploymentController
  DesiredCount: Integer
  EnableECSManagedTags: Boolean
  EnableExecuteCommand: Boolean
  HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds: Integer
  LaunchType: String
  LoadBalancers: 
    - LoadBalancer
  NetworkConfiguration: 
    NetworkConfiguration
  PlacementConstraints: 
    - PlacementConstraint
  PlacementStrategies: 
    - PlacementStrategy
  PlatformVersion: String
  PropagateTags: String
  Role: String
  SchedulingStrategy: String
  ServiceConnectConfiguration: 
    ServiceConnectConfiguration
  ServiceName: String
  ServiceRegistries: 
    - ServiceRegistry
  Tags: 
    - Tag
  TaskDefinition: String

Properties

CapacityProviderStrategy

The capacity provider strategy to use for the service.

If a capacityProviderStrategy is specified, the launchType parameter must be omitted. If no capacityProviderStrategy or launchType is specified, the defaultCapacityProviderStrategy for the cluster is used.

A capacity provider strategy may contain a maximum of 6 capacity providers.

Required: No

Type: List of CapacityProviderStrategyItem

Update requires: No interruption

Cluster

The short name or full Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the cluster that you run your service on. If you do not specify a cluster, the default cluster is assumed.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

DeploymentConfiguration

Optional deployment parameters that control how many tasks run during the deployment and the ordering of stopping and starting tasks.

Required: No

Type: DeploymentConfiguration

Update requires: No interruption

DeploymentController

The deployment controller to use for the service. If no deployment controller is specified, the default value of ECS is used.

Required: No

Type: DeploymentController

Update requires: Replacement

DesiredCount

The number of instantiations of the specified task definition to place and keep running in your service.

For new services, if a desired count is not specified, a default value of 1 is used. When using the DAEMON scheduling strategy, the desired count is not required.

For existing services, if a desired count is not specified, it is omitted from the operation.

Required: Conditional

Type: Integer

Update requires: No interruption

EnableECSManagedTags

Specifies whether to turn on Amazon ECS managed tags for the tasks within the service. For more information, see Tagging your Amazon ECS resources in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: Boolean

Update requires: No interruption

EnableExecuteCommand

Determines whether the execute command functionality is turned on for the service. If true, the execute command functionality is turned on for all containers in tasks as part of the service.

Required: No

Type: Boolean

Update requires: No interruption

HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds

The period of time, in seconds, that the Amazon ECS service scheduler ignores unhealthy Elastic Load Balancing target health checks after a task has first started. This is only used when your service is configured to use a load balancer. If your service has a load balancer defined and you don't specify a health check grace period value, the default value of 0 is used.

If you do not use an Elastic Load Balancing, we recommend that you use the startPeriod in the task definition health check parameters. For more information, see Health check.

If your service's tasks take a while to start and respond to Elastic Load Balancing health checks, you can specify a health check grace period of up to 2,147,483,647 seconds (about 69 years). During that time, the Amazon ECS service scheduler ignores health check status. This grace period can prevent the service scheduler from marking tasks as unhealthy and stopping them before they have time to come up.

Required: No

Type: Integer

Update requires: No interruption

LaunchType

The launch type on which to run your service. For more information, see Amazon ECS Launch Types in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: EC2 | EXTERNAL | FARGATE

Update requires: Replacement

LoadBalancers

A list of load balancer objects to associate with the service. If you specify the Role property, LoadBalancers must be specified as well. For information about the number of load balancers that you can specify per service, see Service Load Balancing in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: List of LoadBalancer

Update requires: No interruption

NetworkConfiguration

The network configuration for the service. This parameter is required for task definitions that use the awsvpc network mode to receive their own elastic network interface, and it is not supported for other network modes. For more information, see Task Networking in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: Conditional

Type: NetworkConfiguration

Update requires: No interruption

PlacementConstraints

An array of placement constraint objects to use for tasks in your service. You can specify a maximum of 10 constraints for each task. This limit includes constraints in the task definition and those specified at runtime.

Required: No

Type: List of PlacementConstraint

Update requires: No interruption

PlacementStrategies

The placement strategy objects to use for tasks in your service. You can specify a maximum of 5 strategy rules for each service.

Required: No

Type: List of PlacementStrategy

Update requires: No interruption

PlatformVersion

The platform version that your tasks in the service are running on. A platform version is specified only for tasks using the Fargate launch type. If one isn't specified, the LATEST platform version is used. For more information, see Amazon Fargate platform versions in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: No interruption

PropagateTags

Specifies whether to propagate the tags from the task definition to the task. If no value is specified, the tags aren't propagated. Tags can only be propagated to the task during task creation. To add tags to a task after task creation, use the TagResource API action.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: NONE | SERVICE | TASK_DEFINITION

Update requires: No interruption

Role

The name or full Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Amazon ECS to make calls to your load balancer on your behalf. This parameter is only permitted if you are using a load balancer with your service and your task definition doesn't use the awsvpc network mode. If you specify the role parameter, you must also specify a load balancer object with the loadBalancers parameter.

Important

If your account has already created the Amazon ECS service-linked role, that role is used for your service unless you specify a role here. The service-linked role is required if your task definition uses the awsvpc network mode or if the service is configured to use service discovery, an external deployment controller, multiple target groups, or Elastic Inference accelerators in which case you don't specify a role here. For more information, see Using service-linked roles for Amazon ECS in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

If your specified role has a path other than /, then you must either specify the full role ARN (this is recommended) or prefix the role name with the path. For example, if a role with the name bar has a path of /foo/ then you would specify /foo/bar as the role name. For more information, see Friendly names and paths in the IAM User Guide.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

SchedulingStrategy

The scheduling strategy to use for the service. For more information, see Services.

There are two service scheduler strategies available:

REPLICA-The replica scheduling strategy places and maintains the desired number of tasks across your cluster. By default, the service scheduler spreads tasks across Availability Zones. You can use task placement strategies and constraints to customize task placement decisions. This scheduler strategy is required if the service uses the CODE_DEPLOY or EXTERNAL deployment controller types.
DAEMON-The daemon scheduling strategy deploys exactly one task on each active container instance that meets all of the task placement constraints that you specify in your cluster. The service scheduler also evaluates the task placement constraints for running tasks and will stop tasks that don't meet the placement constraints. When you're using this strategy, you don't need to specify a desired number of tasks, a task placement strategy, or use Service Auto Scaling policies.

Note
Tasks using the Fargate launch type or the CODE_DEPLOY or EXTERNAL deployment controller types don't support the DAEMON scheduling strategy.

Required: No

Type: String

Allowed values: DAEMON | REPLICA

Update requires: Replacement

ServiceConnectConfiguration

The configuration for this service to discover and connect to services, and be discovered by, and connected from, other services within a namespace.

Tasks that run in a namespace can use short names to connect to services in the namespace. Tasks can connect to services across all of the clusters in the namespace. Tasks connect through a managed proxy container that collects logs and metrics for increased visibility. Only the tasks that Amazon ECS services create are supported with Service Connect. For more information, see Service Connect in the Amazon Elastic Container Service Developer Guide.

Required: No

Type: ServiceConnectConfiguration

Update requires: No interruption

ServiceName

The name of your service. Up to 255 letters (uppercase and lowercase), numbers, underscores, and hyphens are allowed. Service names must be unique within a cluster, but you can have similarly named services in multiple clusters within a Region or across multiple Regions.

Important

The stack update fails if you change any properties that require replacement and the ServiceName is configured. This is because Amazon CloudFormation creates the replacement service first, but each ServiceName must be unique in the cluster.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: Replacement

ServiceRegistries

The details of the service discovery registry to associate with this service. For more information, see Service discovery.

Note

Each service may be associated with one service registry. Multiple service registries for each service isn't supported.

Required: No

Type: List of ServiceRegistry

Update requires: No interruption

Tags

The metadata that you apply to the service to help you categorize and organize them. Each tag consists of a key and an optional value, both of which you define. When a service is deleted, the tags are deleted as well.

The following basic restrictions apply to tags:

Maximum number of tags per resource - 50
For each resource, each tag key must be unique, and each tag key can have only one value.
Maximum key length - 128 Unicode characters in UTF-8
Maximum value length - 256 Unicode characters in UTF-8
If your tagging schema is used across multiple services and resources, remember that other services may have restrictions on allowed characters. Generally allowed characters are: letters, numbers, and spaces representable in UTF-8, and the following characters: + - = . _ : / @.
Tag keys and values are case-sensitive.
Do not use aws:, AWS:, or any upper or lowercase combination of such as a prefix for either keys or values as it is reserved for Amazon use. You cannot edit or delete tag keys or values with this prefix. Tags with this prefix do not count against your tags per resource limit.

Required: No

Type: List of Tag

Maximum: 50

Update requires: No interruption

TaskDefinition

The family and revision (family:revision) or full ARN of the task definition to run in your service. If a revision isn't specified, the latest ACTIVE revision is used.

A task definition must be specified if the service uses either the ECS or CODE_DEPLOY deployment controllers.

For more information about deployment types, see Amazon ECS deployment types.

Required: No

Type: String

Update requires: No interruption

Return values

Ref

When you pass the logical ID of this resource to the intrinsic Reffunction, Refreturns the Amazon Resource Name (ARN).

In the following example, the Ref function returns the ARN of the MyECSService service, such as arn:aws:ecs:us-west-2:123456789012:service/sample-webapp.

{ "Ref": "MyECSService" }

For more information about using the Reffunction, see Ref.

Fn::GetAtt

The Fn::GetAttintrinsic function returns a value for a specified attribute of this type. The following are the available attributes and sample return values.

For more information about using the Fn::GetAttintrinsic function, see Fn::GetAtt.

Name: The name of the Amazon ECS service, such as sample-webapp.
ServiceArn: Not currently supported in Amazon CloudFormation.

Examples

Define a basic service

The following example defines a service with a desired count of 1 that uses a cluster and task definition that are declared elsewhere in the same template.

JSON


"ECSService": {
  "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
  "Properties" : {
    "Cluster": { "Ref": "ECSCluster" },
    "DesiredCount": 1,
    "TaskDefinition" : { "Ref": "ECSTaskDefinition" }
  }
}

YAML


ECSService: 
  Type: AWS::ECS::Service
  Properties: 
    Cluster: 
      Ref: "ECSCluster"
    DesiredCount: 1
    TaskDefinition: 
      Ref: "ECSTaskDefinition"

Associate an Application Load Balancer with a service

The following example associates an Application Load Balancer with an Amazon ECS service by referencing an AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup resource.

Note

The Amazon ECS service requires an explicit dependency on the Application Load Balancer listener rule and the Application Load Balancer listener. This prevents the service from starting before the listener is ready.

JSON


"ECSService" : {
    "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
    "DependsOn": [
        "Listener"
    ],
    "Properties": {
        "Role": {
            "Ref": "ECSServiceRole"
        },
        "TaskDefinition": {
            "Ref": "ECSTaskDefinition"
        },
        "DesiredCount": "1",
        "LoadBalancers": [
            {
                "TargetGroupArn": {
                    "Ref": "TargetGroup"
                },
                "ContainerPort": "80",
                "ContainerName": "sample-app"
            }
        ],
        "Cluster": {
            "Ref": "ECSCluster"
        }
    }
}

YAML


ECSService:
  Type: AWS::ECS::Service
  DependsOn:
  - Listener
  Properties:
    Role:
      Ref: ECSServiceRole
    TaskDefinition:
      Ref: ECSTaskDefinition
    DesiredCount: 1
    LoadBalancers:
    - TargetGroupArn:
        Ref: TargetGroup
      ContainerPort: 80
      ContainerName: sample-app
    Cluster:
      Ref: ECSCluster

Define a service with a health check grace period

The following example defines a service with a parameter that enables users to specify how many seconds that the Amazon ECS service scheduler should ignore unhealthy Elastic Load Balancing target health checks after a task has first started.

JSON


{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "2010-09-09",
  "Description" : "Creating ECS service",
  "Parameters": {
    "AppName": {
      "Type":"String",
      "Description": "Name of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "simple-app"
    },
    "AppContainerPort": {
      "Type":"Number",
      "Description": "Container port of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "80"
    },
    "AppHostPort": {
      "Type":"Number",
      "Description": "Host port of app requiring ELB exposure",
      "Default": "80"
    },
    "ServiceName": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "LoadBalancerName": {
      "Type": "String"
    },
    "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds": {
      "Type": "String"
    }
  },
  "Resources": {
    "ECSCluster": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::Cluster"
    },
    "taskdefinition": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::TaskDefinition",
      "Properties" : {
        "ContainerDefinitions" : [
          {
            "Name": {"Ref": "AppName"},
            "MountPoints": [
              {
                "SourceVolume": "my-vol",
                "ContainerPath": "/var/www/my-vol"
              }
            ],
            "Image":"amazon/amazon-ecs-sample",
            "Cpu": "10",
            "PortMappings":[
              {
                "ContainerPort": {"Ref":"AppContainerPort"},
                "HostPort": {"Ref":"AppHostPort"}
              }
            ],
            "EntryPoint": [
              "/usr/sbin/apache2",
              "-D",
              "FOREGROUND"
            ],
            "Memory":"500",
            "Essential": "true"
          },
          {
            "Name": "busybox",
            "Image": "busybox",
            "Cpu": "10",
            "EntryPoint": [
              "sh",
              "-c"
            ],
            "Memory": "500",
            "Command": [
              "/bin/sh -c \"while true; do /bin/date > /var/www/my-vol/date; sleep 1; done\""
            ],
            "Essential" : "false",
            "VolumesFrom": [
              {
                "SourceContainer": {"Ref":"AppName"}
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "Volumes": [
          {
            "Host": {
              "SourcePath": "/var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/"
            },
            "Name": "my-vol"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "ECSService": {
      "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
      "Properties" : {
        "Cluster": {"Ref": "ECSCluster"},
        "DeploymentConfiguration": {
          "MaximumPercent": 200,
          "MinimumHealthyPercent": 100
        },
        "DesiredCount": 0,
        "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds": {"Ref": "HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds"},
        "LoadBalancers": [{
          "ContainerName": {"Ref" : "AppName"},
          "ContainerPort": {"Ref":"AppContainerPort"},
          "LoadBalancerName": {"Ref": "elb"}
        }],
        "PlacementStrategies": [{
          "Type" : "binpack",
          "Field": "memory"
        }, {
          "Type": "spread",
          "Field": "host"
        }],
        "PlacementConstraints": [{
          "Type": "memberOf",
          "Expression": "attribute:ecs.availability-zone != us-east-1d"
        }, {
          "Type": "distinctInstance"
        }],
        "TaskDefinition" : {"Ref":"taskdefinition"},
        "ServiceName": {"Ref": "ServiceName"},
        "Role": {"Ref": "Role"}
      }
    },
    "elb": {
      "Type": "AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer",
      "Properties": {
        "LoadBalancerName": {"Ref": "LoadBalancerName"},
        "Listeners": [{
          "InstancePort": {"Ref": "AppHostPort"},
          "LoadBalancerPort": "80",
          "Protocol": "HTTP"
        }],
        "Subnets": [{"Ref":"Subnet1"}]
      },
      "DependsOn": "GatewayAttachment"
    },
    "VPC": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPC",
      "Properties": {
        "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/24"
      }
    },
    "Subnet1": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties": {
        "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
        "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/25"
      }
    },
    "InternetGateway": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway"
    },
    "GatewayAttachment": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment",
      "Properties": {
        "InternetGatewayId": {"Ref": "InternetGateway"},
        "VpcId": {"Ref": "VPC"}
      }
    },
    "Role": {
      "Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
      "Properties": {
        "AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
          "Version": "2008-10-17",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Sid": "",
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "Service": "ecs.amazonaws.com"
              },
              "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
            }
          ]
        },
        "ManagedPolicyArns": ["arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonEC2ContainerServiceRole"]
      }
    }
  },
  "Outputs" : {
    "Cluster": {
      "Value": {"Ref" : "ECSCluster"}
    }
  }
}

YAML


AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Creating ECS service
Parameters:
  AppName:
    Type: String
    Description: Name of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: simple-app
  AppContainerPort:
    Type: Number
    Description: Container port of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: '80'
  AppHostPort:
    Type: Number
    Description: Host port of app requiring ELB exposure
    Default: '80'
  ServiceName:
    Type: String
  LoadBalancerName:
    Type: String
  HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds:
    Type: String
Resources:
  cluster:
    Type: AWS::ECS::Cluster
  taskdefinition:
    Type: AWS::ECS::TaskDefinition
    Properties:
      ContainerDefinitions:
        - Name: !Ref AppName
          MountPoints:
            - SourceVolume: my-vol
              ContainerPath: /var/www/my-vol
          Image: amazon/amazon-ecs-sample
          Cpu: '10'
          PortMappings:
            - ContainerPort: !Ref AppContainerPort
              HostPort: !Ref AppHostPort
          EntryPoint:
            - /usr/sbin/apache2
            - '-D'
            - FOREGROUND
          Memory: '500'
          Essential: true
        - Name: busybox
          Image: busybox
          Cpu: '10'
          EntryPoint:
            - sh
            - '-c'
          Memory: '500'
          Command:
            - >-
              /bin/sh -c "while true; do /bin/date > /var/www/my-vol/date; sleep
              1; done"
          Essential: false
          VolumesFrom:
            - SourceContainer: !Ref AppName
      Volumes:
        - Host:
            SourcePath: /var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/
          Name: my-vol
  service:
    Type: AWS::ECS::Service
    Properties:
      Cluster: !Ref cluster
      DeploymentConfiguration:
        MaximumPercent: 200
        MinimumHealthyPercent: 100
      DesiredCount: 0
      HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds: !Ref HealthCheckGracePeriodSeconds
      LoadBalancers:
        - ContainerName: !Ref AppName
          ContainerPort: !Ref AppContainerPort
          LoadBalancerName: !Ref elb
      PlacementStrategies:
        - Type: binpack
          Field: memory
        - Type: spread
          Field: host
      PlacementConstraints:
        - Type: memberOf
          Expression: 'attribute:ecs.availability-zone != us-east-1d'
        - Type: distinctInstance
      TaskDefinition: !Ref taskdefinition
      ServiceName: !Ref ServiceName
      Role: !Ref Role
  elb:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      LoadBalancerName: !Ref LoadBalancerName
      Listeners:
        - InstancePort: !Ref AppHostPort
          LoadBalancerPort: '80'
          Protocol: HTTP
      Subnets:
        - !Ref Subnet1
    DependsOn: GatewayAttachment
  VPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/24
  Subnet1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: 10.0.0.0/25
  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway
  GatewayAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  Role:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: 2008-10-17
        Statement:
          - Sid: ''
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: ecs.amazonaws.com
            Action: 'sts:AssumeRole'
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonEC2ContainerServiceRole'
Outputs:
  Cluster:
    Value: !Ref cluster

Define a service with ECS Exec enabled

The following example defines a service with ECS Exec enabled. For more information, see Using ECS Exec for debugging in the Amazon ECS Developer Guide.

JSON


"ECSService": {
  "Type": "AWS::ECS::Service",
  "Properties" : {
    "Cluster": { "Ref": "ECSCluster" },
    "DesiredCount": 1,
    "TaskDefinition" : { "Ref": "ECSTaskDefinition" },
    "EnableExecuteCommand": "true"
  }
}

YAML


ECSService: 
  Type: AWS::ECS::Service
  Properties: 
    Cluster: 
      Ref: "ECSCluster"
    DesiredCount: 1
    TaskDefinition: 
      Ref: "ECSTaskDefinition"
    EnableExecuteCommand: true

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AWS::ECS::PrimaryTaskSet

AwsVpcConfiguration